Creation and study of the genetic and phenotypic diversity of the biological collection of agricultural plants, adapted to the conditions of arid climate. Search for associations between genotype and phenotypes based on full genome sequencing and accurate phenotyping of a sample of grain varieties to create genomic selection technologies. Study of the effectiveness of methods for increasing the resistance of grain crops to salinity and drought. Exchange of experience in the search and assessment of the prospects for the use of fertilizers and non-traditional soil improvers in the reproduction of soil fertility.